
NOI ÷ annual debt service. Lenders want 1.20–1.25+; know yours before you apply.

The ZIP includes the tool, instructions, license and example project.DSCR + NOI + debt service
| NOI / year | $15,120 |
| Annual debt service | $11,400 |
| DSCR | 1.33 |
The debt-service coverage ratio is Net Operating Income divided by annual debt service (principal + interest). A DSCR of 1.0 means the property exactly covers its loan payments; 1.20 means it generates 20% more income than the debt requires — the cushion most DSCR lenders want before approving. The higher the ratio, the more margin you have if rent dips or expenses spike. It's the single number a DSCR loan underwriter looks at first.
Estimate the annual CRIM contribución from the assessed (1957) value, exemption and your municipality's rate — before you buy, bid or sign.
The most you can bid and still hit your minimum profit. Write it down before the auction — never bid a dollar past it.
Net profit and ROI from purchase, rehab, holding, closing, ARV and selling costs — the costs beginners forget, included.
How much cash you pull back out at the refinance, and whether the property still cash-flows after.